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Activated Sludge Process Control

Required RAS Rate

Estimates the return activated sludge (RAS) rate, expressed as a percent of the forward flow, needed to maintain a target mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) at a given RAS concentration. Use it to set RAS pump speed, stroke frequency, or a target RAS/MG ratio on the SCADA.

Required RAS Rate

Estimate the return activated sludge rate needed to maintain a target MLSS.

Enter all values above to calculate.

When you'd use this

Estimates the return activated sludge (RAS) rate, expressed as a percent of the forward flow, needed to maintain a target mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) at a given RAS concentration. Use it to set RAS pump speed, stroke frequency, or a target RAS/MG ratio on the SCADA.

Category

Activated Sludge Process Control
Formula
RAS Rate (% of influent) = (MLSS ÷ (RAS Concentration − MLSS)) × 100
Variables & Units
MLSS(mg/L)

Target mixed liquor suspended solids in the aeration basin.

RAS Concentration(mg/L)

Suspended solids concentration of the return activated sludge (commonly 8,000–15,000 mg/L for a well-settling sludge).

Worked Example
Target MLSS 3,000 mg/L with RAS at 10,000 mg/L: RAS Rate = (3,000 ÷ (10,000 − 3,000)) × 100 = (3,000 ÷ 7,000) × 100 ≈ 42.9% of forward flow. For a 2.0 MGD average flow, this RAS rate means pumping approximately 0.86 MGD of RAS. Operators typically tune the RAS rate within ±10% of this estimate based on settleometer observations and TSS trends.
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Reference

Metcalf & Eddy, Wastewater Engineering — Activated Sludge Solids Inventory.

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